SAT Chemistry ✏ In a Nutshell SAT Chemistry In a Nutshell1. Introduction to ChemistryA Summary of Matter, States of Matter, Classification of Matter, Properties of Matter, Changes in Matter, Conservation Laws, Scientific Method, Measurement and SI Units, Scientific Notation, Dimensional Analysis, Precision, Accuracy, and Uncertainty, and Significant Figures2. Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table of the ElementsA Summary of The Evolution of Atomic Theory, The Bohr Model and Atomic Structure, Valence Electrons and Lewis Structures, Atomic Spectra and Energy Levels, The Wave-Mechanical Model and Orbitals, Quantum Numbers and Orbital Shapes, Rules for Electron Configuration, Transition Elements and Electron Behavior, The Periodic Table and Its Trends, Periodic Trends to Know, Radioactivity and Nuclear Decay, Half-Life and Radioactive Dating, Nuclear Reactions3. BondingA Summary of Why Atoms Form Bonds, Ionic Bonds, Covalent Bonds, Metallic Bonds, Intermolecular Forces, Double and Triple Bonds, Resonance Structures, Molecular Geometry (VSEPR Theory), Hybridization, Sigma and Pi Bonds, Properties of Ionic Substances, Properties of Molecular Crystals and Liquids4. Chemical FormulasA Summary of Binary Ionic Compounds: Category I, Binary Ionic Compounds: Category II, Polyatomic Ions and Ternary Compounds, Naming Acids, Naming Simple Covalent Compounds, Showing Phases and Ionic Equations, Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations5. Gases and the Gas LawsA Summary of The Simple Gas Laws, Gas Law Applications: Molar Mass, Gas Law Applications: Density, Gas Law Applications: Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures, The Ideal Gas Law, The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases, Deviations from Ideal Gas Behavior6. Stoichiometry (Chemical Calculations) and the Mole ConceptA Summary of The Mole Concept, Avogadro’s Number, Percent Composition, Empirical and Molecular Formulas, Molar Mass and Conversions, Stoichiometric Calculations, Limiting Reactants, Percent Yield7. Liquids, Solids, and Phase ChangesA Summary of Liquids and Intermolecular Forces, Kinetics and Brownian Motion, Viscosity, Surface Tension, Capillary Action, Phase Equilibrium, Vapor Pressure and Boiling Point, Phase Diagrams, Solids and Crystal Structure, Properties of Water, Solubility and Dissolving, Heating and Cooling Curves, Calorimetry and Heat Equations, Concentration Units, Colligative Properties8. Chemical Reactions and ThermochemistryA Summary of Four Types of Chemical Reactions, Hydrolysis Reactions, Entropy (ΔS), Enthalpy (ΔH), Heat of Combustion, Hess’s Law, Alternate Method: Using ΔH⁰f Values9. Rates of Chemical ReactionsA Summary of Factors Affecting Reaction Rates, Activation Energy and Reaction Graphs, Rate Law and Law of Mass Action, Reaction Mechanisms10. Chemical EquilibriumA Summary of Reversible Reactions and Equilibrium, Law of Mass Action and Equilibrium Constant (Keq), Sample Problem: Solving for Equilibrium Concentrations, Le Châtelier’s Principle, Heterogeneous Equilibrium, Acid-Base Equilibrium (Ka and Kb), pH and pOH, Solubility Product Constant (Ksp), Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG)11. Acids, Bases, and SaltsA Summary of Properties of Acids, Properties of Bases, Brønsted–Lowry and Lewis Definitions, pH, pOH, and Ion Concentration, Indicators and Their Color Ranges, Titration and Neutralization, Buffer Solutions, Salts and Hydrolysis, Amphoteric Substances, Acid Rain and Environmental Chemistry12. Oxidation-ReductionA Summary of What Are Redox Reactions?, Activity Series and Spontaneity, Oxidation States, Recognizing Redox Reactions, Oxidizing and Reducing Agents, Combustion Reactions, Heat of Combustion (ΔHc)13. Some Representative Groups and FamiliesA Summary of Sulfur Family, Halogen Family, Nitrogen Family, General Properties of Metals, Metallurgy (Metal Extraction), Representative Metals, Alloys, Metalloids14. Carbon and Organic ChemistryA Summary of Carbon and Its Allotropes, Carbon Dioxide (CO₂), Introduction to Organic Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, Isomerism, Functional Groups and Organic Families, Types of Organic Reactions15. The LaboratoryA Summary of Essential Lab Skills for SAT Chemistry, Microscale and Technological Tools, Ten Commandments of Lab Safety, Common Lab Setups and Experiments, Qualitative Tests: Gases, Qualitative Tests: Anions, Qualitative Tests: Cations, Flame Tests (Metal Ions)
